Gene delivery is a therapeutic strategy that’s revolutionizing biotechnology and pharmaceuticals. It involves the delivery of new genetic molecules into target cells to treat diseases. This technology has the implicit to revise the treatment of inherited genetic disorders, cancer and other intractable driseases.

Scientists are using a variety of gene delivery strategies to insert new genes into cells. One common biological system is viral gene delivery, where the viral vectors are modified to carry the genes and deliver them to the target cells. The vectors have been used safely in gene delivery vaccines and are effective in introducing genes into cells. Another gene delivery system is non-viral gene delivery, which uses non-viral vectors including liposomes, nanoparticles and some polymers to carry nucleic acids. Non-viral vectors have robust gene loading capacity, high safety, and practicability, simplicity of preparation.

Gene delivery can be used to treat a wide range of diseases, including inheritable diseases similar to cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia. By introducing a functional gene into the cells with these symptoms, researchers hope to correct the inherited gene mutation and potentially cure the disease.

Gene delivery in cancer treatment involves the use of viral or non-viral vectors to deliver therapeutic genes into cancer cells. These approaches allow the targeted delivery of genes that can inhibit tumor growth or enhance the immune system's capability to recognize and destroy cancer cells. One promising strategy is to deliver genes that express tumor suppressor proteins or anticancer agents into cancer cells to induce cell death or inhibit their proliferation. In addition, gene delivery can be used to modify vulnerable cells, analogous to T cells, to express antigen receptors that specifically kill cancer cells. Overall, gene delivery has great eventuality as an important tool for the development of new and personalized cancer drugs technology. One of the main challenges in gene delivery is ensuring that the introduced gene is expressed in the right cells. Researchers are constantly working to meliorate gene delivery methods to insure that the fitted gene reaches, and is expressed in the target cells.

In addition to treating various diseases, gene delivery also involve functions such as gene editing (to deliver gene editing tools), gene expression regulation (to deliver regulatory elements), genetic engineering (to introduce foreign genes into cells), and cell reprogramming (to deliver transcription factors). These powerful functions can correct genetic mutations, express specific proteins or enzymes, and make a significant contribution to the development of biotechnology and regenerative medicine. All in all, with ongoing advancements and innovations in gene delivery technology, the future holds great promise for gene therapy and the potential it offers for treating a wide range of diseases.